Intra-EU balance of trade by member states 2024| ��ƽ��

Annual balance of trade of European Union member states for Intra-EU trade in both goods and services in 2024 (in millions of Euros)

Characteristic	Millions of Euros
France	-122,336.9
Romania	-24,161.1
Portugal	-23,782.5
Sweden	-18,947.3
Austria	-18,735.6
Croatia	-17,033.7
Greece	-16,090.8
Germany	-14,813
Finland	-11,014.5
Italy	-10,312.1
Luxembourg	-9,217.7
Denmark	-7,820.9
Cyprus	-6,084.4
Latvia	-4,926.5
Estonia	-4,797.1
Malta	-3,931.6
Lithuania	-3,826.3
Bulgaria	-926.5
Slovakia	-170.4
Spain	1,551.2
Slovenia	8,222.4
Hungary	13,881
Poland	23,566.5
Ireland	33,027.1
Belgium	35,899.4
Czechia	38,713.6
Netherlands	270,121.4

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Release date

June 2025

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Region

Europe, EU

Survey time period

2024

Supplementary notes

In theory the EU's internal balance of trade should be zero at all times, as every export within the EU is balanced out by a corresponding import. In practice, however, due to irregularities in accounting for the value of goods, the EU consistently runs a trade surplus with itself.

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The balance of trade of EU member states for intra-EU trade shows us which states are the exporters and which states are the importers throughout the union. Over the period since 2002, France has consistently been the country which runs the largest trade deficit (when imports are greater than exports) with the rest of the EU, while the Netherlands has consistently run the largest trade surplus (exports greater than imports).

The two most significant shifts that have occurred over this period has been the transformation of Germany from an exporter to an importer (although this only applies within the EU) and the rise of Belgium, Poland, and Czechia as export powers.