| Characteristic | 2019 (2017 for Germany) | 2022 (2021 for Germany and Netherlands) |
|---|---|---|
| Cyprus | 65.57% | 88.31% |
| Slovakia | 76.57% | 84.36% |
| Greece | 73.66% | 84.24% |
| Netherlands* | 61.81% | 83.64% |
| Slovenia | 71.59% | 83.17% |
| Malta | 38.64% | 74.4% |
| Austria | 62.1% | 71.77% |
| Latvia | 54.63% | 71.65% |
| Finland | 60.64% | 70.29% |
| Luxembourg | 50.96% | 69.27% |
| Germany* | 3.23% | 69.04% |
| Spain | 66.34% | 67.17% |
| Ireland | 57.74% | 64.25% |
| Italy | 54.34% | 57.67% |
| Lithuania | 54.12% | 53.11% |
| France | 38.1% | 51.34% |
| Estonia | 35.37% | 47.82% |
| Portugal | 24.18% | 45.35% |
| Belgium | 15.9% | 38.69% |
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December 2022
EU
March 2019 to December 2019
41,455 respondents
14 years and older
Sample of the population of each country from Kantar Public's internet panels, based on three demographic characteristics: gender, age and region of residence. Purposive sampling was used.
Omnibus survey
* Excluded from this survey were Germany and the Netherlands, as both countries supplied information from their central banks. One important note for Germany: the figures it provided were for 2016 and 2017, not 2016 and 2019 like all the other countries.
The figures shown here are based off payment diaries, held in three waves from March 2019 to December 2019 and published in December 2020. The source mentions there was a small questionnaire in 2020 asking about the impact of COVID-19 on payments behavior. The source chose not to include this information as "the two surveys cannot be directly compared" and "it cannot be predicted how the changes in the methodology influence the results in terms of an over- or underestimation of cash usage".









