Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production in selected countries worldwide in 2022, by method
(in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of steel)
Country/Region
Intergrated route (BF-BOF)
EAF
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COâ‚‚ emissions intensity includes all Scope 1 & Upstream + Scope 2. The two intensities represent blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) steel production.
Citation formats
Global steel production COâ‚‚ emissions intensity 2022, by country and method
The emissions intensity associated with the integrated route for steel production in India was **** metric tons of carbon dioxide per metric ton of steel (tCOâ‚‚/tcs) as of 2022. This was one of the highest globally. In contrast, BF-BOF steel production in China, the largest steel producer worldwide, was **** tCOâ‚‚/tcs. India's BF-BOF steel production route has high emissions due to factors such as old and inefficient BF-BOF plants, a reliance on carbon-intensive processes, and the use of lower quality iron ore and coal.
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Joint Research Centre. (June 22, 2022). Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production in selected countries worldwide in 2022, by method (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of steel) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 31, 2026, from /statistics/1609398/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide-by-country/
Joint Research Centre. "Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production in selected countries worldwide in 2022, by method (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of steel)." Chart. June 22, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 31, 2026. /statistics/1609398/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide-by-country/
Joint Research Centre. (2022). Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production in selected countries worldwide in 2022, by method (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of steel). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 31, 2026. /statistics/1609398/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide-by-country/
Joint Research Centre. "Carbon Dioxide (Coâ‚‚) Emissions Intensity of Steel Production in Selected Countries Worldwide in 2022, by Method (in Metric Tons of Coâ‚‚ per Metric Ton of Steel)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 22 Jun 2022, /statistics/1609398/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide-by-country/
Joint Research Centre, Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production in selected countries worldwide in 2022, by method (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of steel) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1609398/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide-by-country/ (last visited July 31, 2026)
Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production in selected countries worldwide in 2022, by method (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of steel) [Graph], Joint Research Centre, June 22, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1609398/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide-by-country/
