Includes emissions released during the manufacturing of crude steel from fuel combustion and industrial processes. Indirect emissions from electricity usage are not included.
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Global steel COâ‚‚ emissions worldwide 2023, by country
China's iron and steel sector was by far the world's largest emitter in 2023, with emissions totaling *** billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (GtCOâ‚‚). India followed by a wide margin, with *** MtCOâ‚‚ produced during the manufacturing of crude steel that year. Together, the top 10 steel-producing countries were responsible for releasing more than three GtCOâ‚‚ in 2023.
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Climate TRACE. (April 7, 2025). Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions from the iron and steel sector worldwide in 2023, by leading country [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from /statistics/1609255/global-steel-sector-emission-by-country/
Climate TRACE. "Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions from the iron and steel sector worldwide in 2023, by leading country." Chart. April 7, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 28, 2026. /statistics/1609255/global-steel-sector-emission-by-country/
Climate TRACE. (2025). Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions from the iron and steel sector worldwide in 2023, by leading country. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 28, 2026. /statistics/1609255/global-steel-sector-emission-by-country/
Climate TRACE. "Carbon Dioxide (Coâ‚‚) Emissions from The Iron and Steel Sector Worldwide in 2023, by Leading Country." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 7 Apr 2025, /statistics/1609255/global-steel-sector-emission-by-country/
Climate TRACE, Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions from the iron and steel sector worldwide in 2023, by leading country ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1609255/global-steel-sector-emission-by-country/ (last visited July 28, 2026)
Carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions from the iron and steel sector worldwide in 2023, by leading country [Graph], Climate TRACE, April 7, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1609255/global-steel-sector-emission-by-country/
