Average carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2023
(in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of crude steel cast)
Characteristic
Emissions in tCOâ‚‚ per mt of crude steel
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COâ‚‚ emissions intensity includes all scopes (1, 2, and some scope 3). The two intensities represent production weighted averages between blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), scrap-based electric arc furnace (EAF) and direct reduced iron (DRI)-based EAF steel production.
BF-BOF = Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace Scrap-EAF = Electric Arc Furnace Process DRI-EAF = Direct Reduced Iron-based electric arc furnace process
Citation formats
Global COâ‚‚ emissions intensity of steel production 2007-2023
The global average emissions intensity of steel production in 2023 was **** metric tons of carbon dioxide (tCOâ‚‚) per metric ton of crude steel cast. The COâ‚‚ emissions intensity of steel production has increased by roughly six percent since 2007. The most carbon intensive steel production process is blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF).
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World Steel Association. (November 12, 2024). Average carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2023 (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of crude steel cast) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 24, 2026, from /statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association. "Average carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2023 (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of crude steel cast)." Chart. November 12, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 24, 2026. /statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association. (2024). Average carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2023 (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of crude steel cast). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 24, 2026. /statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association. "Average Carbon Dioxide (Coâ‚‚) Emissions Intensity of Steel Production Worldwide from 2007 to 2023 (in Metric Tons of Coâ‚‚ per Metric Ton of Crude Steel Cast)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 12 Nov 2024, /statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
World Steel Association, Average carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2023 (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of crude steel cast) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/ (last visited July 24, 2026)
Average carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions intensity of steel production worldwide from 2007 to 2023 (in metric tons of COâ‚‚ per metric ton of crude steel cast) [Graph], World Steel Association, November 12, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1446826/steel-emissions-intensity-worldwide/
