As of January 2025, The European Union (EU) had three fully operating and one upcoming law regarding online privacy and the usage of digital technologies. The first one, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), was enacted in May 2018. The second law became effective on February 17, 2024, and is called the Digital Services Act (DSA). In March 2024, another law protecting consumer privacy, the Digital Markets Act, was enacted. The latest regulation adopted by the European Union (EU) is called the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), which became active in December 2024.
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European Commission. (February 4, 2025). Online privacy laws in European Union (EU) as of January 2025 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 19, 2026, from /statistics/1446279/privacy-law-eu/
European Commission. "Online privacy laws in European Union (EU) as of January 2025." Chart. February 4, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 19, 2026. /statistics/1446279/privacy-law-eu/
European Commission. (2025). Online privacy laws in European Union (EU) as of January 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 19, 2026. /statistics/1446279/privacy-law-eu/
European Commission. "Online Privacy Laws in European Union (Eu) as of January 2025." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 4 Feb 2025, /statistics/1446279/privacy-law-eu/
European Commission, Online privacy laws in European Union (EU) as of January 2025 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1446279/privacy-law-eu/ (last visited July 19, 2026)
Online privacy laws in European Union (EU) as of January 2025 [Graph], European Commission, February 4, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1446279/privacy-law-eu/
