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The long-stay type D National visa allows the holder to stay in the territory of the Schengen state that issued the visa for more than 90 days. Holders can also travel across the Schengen area for up to three months in a 180-day period. These visas are usually granted to those who seek to move to a Schengen country for taking up employment or education, as well as for family reasons. The number of National visas issued by France increased from 124,000 to 295,000 between 2006 and 2023. The only friction was recorded in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, with 149,000 approved visas only. Compared to France, Germany granted 400,000 D visas and Italy issued 233,000 D visas in 2023.