In the fiscal year of 2019, federal obligations for environmental sciences amounted to **** billion U.S. dollars. For life sciences, federal obligations amounted to billion U.S. dollars.
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National Science Foundation. (January 31, 2020). U.S. federal obligations and outlays for research in the fiscal year of 2019, by field of science (in million U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved August 04, 2026, from /statistics/189219/us-federal-obligations-for-research-by-field-of-science/
National Science Foundation. "U.S. federal obligations and outlays for research in the fiscal year of 2019, by field of science (in million U.S. dollars)." Chart. January 31, 2020. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed August 04, 2026. /statistics/189219/us-federal-obligations-for-research-by-field-of-science/
National Science Foundation. (2020). U.S. federal obligations and outlays for research in the fiscal year of 2019, by field of science (in million U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: August 04, 2026. /statistics/189219/us-federal-obligations-for-research-by-field-of-science/
National Science Foundation. "U.S. Federal Obligations and Outlays for Research in The Fiscal Year of 2019, by Field of Science (in Million U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 31 Jan 2020, /statistics/189219/us-federal-obligations-for-research-by-field-of-science/
National Science Foundation, U.S. federal obligations and outlays for research in the fiscal year of 2019, by field of science (in million U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/189219/us-federal-obligations-for-research-by-field-of-science/ (last visited August 04, 2026)
U.S. federal obligations and outlays for research in the fiscal year of 2019, by field of science (in million U.S. dollars) [Graph], National Science Foundation, January 31, 2020. [Online]. Available: /statistics/189219/us-federal-obligations-for-research-by-field-of-science/
