Since the data show federal obligations, the displayed years refer to fiscal years.
Obligations regarding R&D plants and facilities are excluded.
* Preliminary
Citation formats
U.S. research and development federal obligations FY 1991-2022
In the fiscal year of 2022, total federal obligations for research and development amounted to approximately 189.06 billion U.S. dollars. This figure is an increase from 1991, when total federal obligations were 61.3 billion U.S. dollars.
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National Science Foundation. (September 25, 2023). Federal obligations for research and development in the United States from fiscal year 1991 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 23, 2026, from /statistics/188961/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-since-1991/
National Science Foundation. "Federal obligations for research and development in the United States from fiscal year 1991 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. September 25, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 23, 2026. /statistics/188961/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-since-1991/
National Science Foundation. (2023). Federal obligations for research and development in the United States from fiscal year 1991 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 23, 2026. /statistics/188961/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-since-1991/
National Science Foundation. "Federal Obligations for Research and Development in The United States from Fiscal Year 1991 to 2022 (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 25 Sep 2023, /statistics/188961/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-since-1991/
National Science Foundation, Federal obligations for research and development in the United States from fiscal year 1991 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/188961/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-since-1991/ (last visited July 23, 2026)
Federal obligations for research and development in the United States from fiscal year 1991 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], National Science Foundation, September 25, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/188961/federal-obligations-for-research-and-development-since-1991/
