In 2024, California spent the most on research and development (R&D) among U.S. states at some * billion U.S. dollars. It was followed by Massachusetts at billion U.S. dollars. Most R&D expenditure in the United States was made in the business sector.
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NCSES. (February 28, 2026). Research and development (R&D) expenditure in the United States in 2024, by state (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 24, 2026, from /statistics/1662183/research-and-development-spending-united-states-by-state/
NCSES. "Research and development (R&D) expenditure in the United States in 2024, by state (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. February 28, 2026. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 24, 2026. /statistics/1662183/research-and-development-spending-united-states-by-state/
NCSES. (2026). Research and development (R&D) expenditure in the United States in 2024, by state (in billion U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 24, 2026. /statistics/1662183/research-and-development-spending-united-states-by-state/
NCSES. "Research and Development (R&d) Expenditure in The United States in 2024, by State (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 28 Feb 2026, /statistics/1662183/research-and-development-spending-united-states-by-state/
NCSES, Research and development (R&D) expenditure in the United States in 2024, by state (in billion U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1662183/research-and-development-spending-united-states-by-state/ (last visited July 24, 2026)
Research and development (R&D) expenditure in the United States in 2024, by state (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], NCSES, February 28, 2026. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1662183/research-and-development-spending-united-states-by-state/
