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The North American Aviation P-51 Mustang was the fastest mass-produced fighter aircraft of the Second World War, with a top speed of approximately 700km/h. The second-fastest model, the Spitfire, is likely the most famous of the war's planes due to its success during the Battle of Britain, where it became a symbol of hope and persistence for the British public (although the Hurricane was the most commonly-used British plane during the battle).

Speed was very important in aerial combat, but was not the only factor when comparing the fighting capability of aircraft - speeds fluctuated differently depending on altitude, while some slower aircraft may have had greater climbing speed or maneuverability that gave them advantages in other areas of combat. Additionally, speed and maneuverability were more important for fighter aircraft, whereas maximum range and payload capacity took precedence among bombers.