Projected carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the United States by 2030 and 2035, relative to 2005 levels, by IRA scenario and end-use sector
(in percent)
Sector and year
IRA (Min)
IRA (Median)
IRA (Max)
No IRA (Min)
No IRA (Median)
No IRA (Max)
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Figures do not reflect rules and regulations that are currently in the process of being developed or finalized, and excludes non-COâ‚‚ emissions or land-sink carbon removals.
CO₂ emissions from each of the end-use sectors under the IRA and No IRA scenarios represent both the “direct†emissions from fossil fuel use in each respective sector and “indirect†emissions from fossil fuels used in generating the electricity consumed by each sector.
Citation formats
U.S. COâ‚‚ emissions reduction projections under IRA scenarios 2030-2035, by sector
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) is projected to spur significant economy-wide carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) emissions reductions in the United States over the coming decade. In the IRA scenario, economy-wide COâ‚‚ emissions are projected to fall by ** to ** percent below 2005 levels by 2030. By comparison, reductions in the No IRA scenario range from ** to ** percent. Projections show greater emissions reductions for the IRA scenario compared to the No IRA scenario across all end-use sectors.Ìý
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Environmental Protection Agency. (September 12, 2023). Projected carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the United States by 2030 and 2035, relative to 2005 levels, by IRA scenario and end-use sector (in percent) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 24, 2026, from /statistics/1441210/us-ira-emission-reduction-projections-by-sector/
Environmental Protection Agency. "Projected carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the United States by 2030 and 2035, relative to 2005 levels, by IRA scenario and end-use sector (in percent)." Chart. September 12, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 24, 2026. /statistics/1441210/us-ira-emission-reduction-projections-by-sector/
Environmental Protection Agency. (2023). Projected carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the United States by 2030 and 2035, relative to 2005 levels, by IRA scenario and end-use sector (in percent). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 24, 2026. /statistics/1441210/us-ira-emission-reduction-projections-by-sector/
Environmental Protection Agency. "Projected Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reductions in The United States by 2030 and 2035, Relative to 2005 Levels, by Ira Scenario and End-use Sector (in Percent)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 12 Sep 2023, /statistics/1441210/us-ira-emission-reduction-projections-by-sector/
Environmental Protection Agency, Projected carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the United States by 2030 and 2035, relative to 2005 levels, by IRA scenario and end-use sector (in percent) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1441210/us-ira-emission-reduction-projections-by-sector/ (last visited July 24, 2026)
Projected carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the United States by 2030 and 2035, relative to 2005 levels, by IRA scenario and end-use sector (in percent) [Graph], Environmental Protection Agency, September 12, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1441210/us-ira-emission-reduction-projections-by-sector/
