Income distribution in European countries 2023| ��ƽ��

National pre-tax income distribution for European countries in 2023, by income percentile

Characteristic	Bottom 50%	Top 10%	Top 1%
Czechia	28.6%	27.16%	9.36%
Iceland	27.68%	27.21%	7.76%
Slovakia	24.34%	28.02%	9.18%
Netherlands	24%	28.54%	6.69%
North Macedonia	21.53%	29.21%	6.84%
Slovenia	24.21%	29.41%	7.83%
Switzerland	23.92%	30.05%	9.83%
Sweden	24.6%	30.42%	10.75%
Norway	24.23%	30.61%	9.34%
Malta	22.21%	31.4%	8.82%
Belarus	25.45%	31.55%	9.25%
Ukraine	25.4%	31.88%	8.99%
Belgium	21.51%	32.32%	8.39%
Denmark	23.08%	32.37%	11.72%
Kosovo	18.65%	32.7%	8.85%
Cyprus	21.07%	32.71%	8.43%
Hungary	22.69%	32.85%	9.84%
Croatia	20.19%	33.5%	8.97%
Finland	22.92%	33.59%	10.92%
Spain	22.46%	33.64%	11.91%
Albania	18.4%	33.92%	8.86%
Moldova	18.87%	33.95%	10.42%
Bosnia and Herzegovina	18.5%	33.99%	9.33%
France	20.52%	34.24%	12.03%
Austria	23.67%	34.37%	11.27%
Lithuania	19.67%	34.42%	9.48%
Latvia	19.33%	34.84%	10.6%
Portugal	19.9%	35.03%	9.7%
Estonia	19.67%	35.04%	12.5%
Greece	20.51%	35.1%	14.29%
Montenegro	16.56%	35.91%	9.88%
Ireland	21.88%	35.93%	13.29%
Luxembourg	19.19%	36.03%	13.11%
United Kingdom	20.05%	36.2%	13.1%
European Average	19.34%	36.31%	12.38%
Serbia	16.3%	36.41%	12.51%
Germany	19.94%	36.69%	12.66%
Azerbaijan	23.4%	36.75%	13.45%
Italy	16.6%	37.14%	12.28%
Poland	19.65%	38.21%	15.19%
Armenia	20.91%	38.47%	14.57%
Romania	15.51%	40.33%	13.36%
Bulgaria	18.36%	41.24%	16.6%
Georgia	15.17%	44.67%	18.38%
Russia	15.68%	50.77%	23.76%
Turkey	14.07%	55.57%	23.95%

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Release date

July 2025

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Region

Europe

Survey time period

2023

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As of 2023, the European countries who had the greatest share of their national income taken by the top 10 percent of earners were Turkey, Russia, and Georgia, with high earners in these countries taking home around half of all income. By contrast, the top decile in Czechia, Iceland, and Slovakia took home a share of national income almost half as large, at between 26 and 29 percent. On average, the top 10 percent in Europe took home over a third of national income, while the bottom half earned less than a fifth.