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Global emissions from the manufacture of cement stood at 1.47 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (MtCO₂) in 2024. Emissions from cement production have increased massively since the 1960s, and have more than doubled since the turn of the century. More than four billion metric tons of cement are currently produced worldwide each year.

China's dominant role in cement emissions

Cement production in China more than tripled between 2000 and 2023 to around two billion metric tons per year, making the South Asian country the world’s largest cement producer by far. China’s cement manufacturing emissions grew from just under 250 MtCO₂ to more than 700 MtCO₂ during this period, and now account for around half of the world's total cement manufacturing emissions. 

Efforts to reduce emissions intensity

Although cement production emissions have skyrocketed since the 1960s, efforts to cut emissions, such as by decreasing the ratio of clinker to cement, have been put into effect. This has helped reduce the average global emissions intensity of cement production by more than 20 percent since 1990, to 580 kg CO₂/t cementitious material in 2022.