As of December 31, 2023, countries in Europe issued green, sustainable, and social (GSS) debt worth nearly *** trillion U.S. dollars. Green bonds represented the majority, amounting to approximately *** trillion U.S. dollars. On the other hand, there was less focus on sustainability, with *** billion U.S. dollars worth of debt issued.
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Climate Bonds Initiative. (April 1, 2024). Value of green, sustainable, and social (GSS) bonds issued by countries in Europe as of 2023, by type (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 26, 2026, from /statistics/1292693/eu-value-of-gss-debt-issued-by-type/
Climate Bonds Initiative. "Value of green, sustainable, and social (GSS) bonds issued by countries in Europe as of 2023, by type (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. April 1, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 26, 2026. /statistics/1292693/eu-value-of-gss-debt-issued-by-type/
Climate Bonds Initiative. (2024). Value of green, sustainable, and social (GSS) bonds issued by countries in Europe as of 2023, by type (in billion U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 26, 2026. /statistics/1292693/eu-value-of-gss-debt-issued-by-type/
Climate Bonds Initiative. "Value of Green, Sustainable, and Social (Gss) Bonds Issued by Countries in Europe as of 2023, by Type (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 1 Apr 2024, /statistics/1292693/eu-value-of-gss-debt-issued-by-type/
Climate Bonds Initiative, Value of green, sustainable, and social (GSS) bonds issued by countries in Europe as of 2023, by type (in billion U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1292693/eu-value-of-gss-debt-issued-by-type/ (last visited July 26, 2026)
Value of green, sustainable, and social (GSS) bonds issued by countries in Europe as of 2023, by type (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], Climate Bonds Initiative, April 1, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1292693/eu-value-of-gss-debt-issued-by-type/
