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Between 2007 and 2020, the largest amount of maternity capital claims in Russia was made for the improvement of living conditions, at approximately 7.2 million. Furthermore, over one million claims were made to finance a child's education. After receiving a child, Russian mothers (or, in some cases, fathers) received a maternity capital certificate that they could later claim. They had a choice of what the benefits would be spent on, such as housing, education, retirement benefits, and, if the born child has a disability, goods and services for their social adaptation and integration. The maternity capital could also be claimed in the form of monthly payments for the second child in low-income families.