Free allowances in the EU-ETS are to be phased out gradually from **** and will end by ****. These free allowances are to be replaced with the world's first carbon border levy, which will take effect in ****. The newly adopted carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) will initially apply to imports of several carbon intensive products that are at the most risk of carbon leakage, such as iron and steel, cement, aluminum, and electricity, therefore making foreign firms and competitors pay the same carbon price as European industries. The CBAM phase-in plan will cease EU-ETS freely allocated allowances over a nine-year period.
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International Carbon Action Partnership. (May 3, 2023). Pathway of EU ETS free allowances phase-out and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) phase-in from 2025 to 2034 (in percent) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 15, 2026, from /statistics/1401673/eu-ets-free-allowance-cbam-pathway/
International Carbon Action Partnership. "Pathway of EU ETS free allowances phase-out and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) phase-in from 2025 to 2034 (in percent)." Chart. May 3, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 15, 2026. /statistics/1401673/eu-ets-free-allowance-cbam-pathway/
International Carbon Action Partnership. (2023). Pathway of EU ETS free allowances phase-out and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) phase-in from 2025 to 2034 (in percent). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 15, 2026. /statistics/1401673/eu-ets-free-allowance-cbam-pathway/
International Carbon Action Partnership. "Pathway of Eu Ets Free Allowances Phase-out and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (Cbam) Phase-in from 2025 to 2034 (in Percent)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 3 May 2023, /statistics/1401673/eu-ets-free-allowance-cbam-pathway/
International Carbon Action Partnership, Pathway of EU ETS free allowances phase-out and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) phase-in from 2025 to 2034 (in percent) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1401673/eu-ets-free-allowance-cbam-pathway/ (last visited July 15, 2026)
Pathway of EU ETS free allowances phase-out and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) phase-in from 2025 to 2034 (in percent) [Graph], International Carbon Action Partnership, May 3, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1401673/eu-ets-free-allowance-cbam-pathway/
