The expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP in Peru stood at 0.18 percent in 2023. Between 1997 and 2023, the R&D spending as a share of GDP rose by 0.1 percentage points, though the increase followed an uneven trajectory rather than a consistent upward trend.
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World Bank. (April 8, 2026). Expenditure on research and development (R&D) to GDP in Peru from 1997 to 2023 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 29, 2026, from /statistics/1390934/expenditure-on-research-and-development-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp-peru/
World Bank. "Expenditure on research and development (R&D) to GDP in Peru from 1997 to 2023." Chart. April 8, 2026. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 29, 2026. /statistics/1390934/expenditure-on-research-and-development-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp-peru/
World Bank. (2026). Expenditure on research and development (R&D) to GDP in Peru from 1997 to 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 29, 2026. /statistics/1390934/expenditure-on-research-and-development-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp-peru/
World Bank. "Expenditure on Research and Development (R&d) to Gdp in Peru from 1997 to 2023." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 8 Apr 2026, /statistics/1390934/expenditure-on-research-and-development-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp-peru/
World Bank, Expenditure on research and development (R&D) to GDP in Peru from 1997 to 2023 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1390934/expenditure-on-research-and-development-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp-peru/ (last visited July 29, 2026)
Expenditure on research and development (R&D) to GDP in Peru from 1997 to 2023 [Graph], World Bank, April 8, 2026. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1390934/expenditure-on-research-and-development-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp-peru/
