In 2022, the gross domestic expenditure on research & development (GERD) in Libya amounted to approximately *** million U.S. dollars. R&D spending in the country increased in the years under review. In 2020, Libya's gross spending on R&D stood at around *** million U.S. dollars.
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R&D WORLD. (May 30, 2022). Value of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Libya from 2020 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 18, 2026, from /statistics/1345260/gerd-value-in-libya/
R&D WORLD. "Value of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Libya from 2020 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars)." Chart. May 30, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 18, 2026. /statistics/1345260/gerd-value-in-libya/
R&D WORLD. (2022). Value of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Libya from 2020 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 18, 2026. /statistics/1345260/gerd-value-in-libya/
R&D WORLD. "Value of Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development (Gerd) in Libya from 2020 to 2022 (in Billion U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 30 May 2022, /statistics/1345260/gerd-value-in-libya/
R&D WORLD, Value of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Libya from 2020 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1345260/gerd-value-in-libya/ (last visited July 18, 2026)
Value of gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Libya from 2020 to 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) [Graph], R&D WORLD, May 30, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1345260/gerd-value-in-libya/
