In 2022, the gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a share of Botswana's GDP amounted to **** percent. R&D spending as a percentage of the GDP has remained constant since 2020. In absolute terms, the country's gross spending on R&D amounted to ** million U.S. dollars in 2022.
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R&D WORLD. (May 30, 2022). Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a share of GDP in Botswana from 2020 to 2022 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 23, 2026, from /statistics/1345238/gerd-as-gdp-share-in-botswana/
R&D WORLD. "Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a share of GDP in Botswana from 2020 to 2022." Chart. May 30, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 23, 2026. /statistics/1345238/gerd-as-gdp-share-in-botswana/
R&D WORLD. (2022). Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a share of GDP in Botswana from 2020 to 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 23, 2026. /statistics/1345238/gerd-as-gdp-share-in-botswana/
R&D WORLD. "Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development (Gerd) as a Share of Gdp in Botswana from 2020 to 2022." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 30 May 2022, /statistics/1345238/gerd-as-gdp-share-in-botswana/
R&D WORLD, Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a share of GDP in Botswana from 2020 to 2022 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1345238/gerd-as-gdp-share-in-botswana/ (last visited July 23, 2026)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) as a share of GDP in Botswana from 2020 to 2022 [Graph], R&D WORLD, May 30, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1345238/gerd-as-gdp-share-in-botswana/
