Direct and indirect emissions of hydrogen produced using fossil fuels worldwide in 2022, by type
(in kilograms carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen)
Characteristic
Direct emissions
Indirect emissions
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The emissions associated with the production of hydrogen vary depending on the fuel used in the production process. For example, green hydrogen produced with either biogas or biomass has the possibility of producing no direct emissions. On the other hand, brown and black hydrogen emit between ** and ** kilograms or CO2 equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen produced.
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DNV. (June 14, 2022). Direct and indirect emissions of hydrogen produced using fossil fuels worldwide in 2022, by type (in kilograms carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 25, 2026, from /statistics/1320670/emissions-of-fossil-based-hydrogen-by-type/
DNV. "Direct and indirect emissions of hydrogen produced using fossil fuels worldwide in 2022, by type (in kilograms carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen)." Chart. June 14, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 25, 2026. /statistics/1320670/emissions-of-fossil-based-hydrogen-by-type/
DNV. (2022). Direct and indirect emissions of hydrogen produced using fossil fuels worldwide in 2022, by type (in kilograms carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 25, 2026. /statistics/1320670/emissions-of-fossil-based-hydrogen-by-type/
DNV. "Direct and Indirect Emissions of Hydrogen Produced Using Fossil Fuels Worldwide in 2022, by Type (in Kilograms Carbon Dioxide Equivalent per Kilogram of Hydrogen)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 14 Jun 2022, /statistics/1320670/emissions-of-fossil-based-hydrogen-by-type/
DNV, Direct and indirect emissions of hydrogen produced using fossil fuels worldwide in 2022, by type (in kilograms carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1320670/emissions-of-fossil-based-hydrogen-by-type/ (last visited July 25, 2026)
Direct and indirect emissions of hydrogen produced using fossil fuels worldwide in 2022, by type (in kilograms carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram of hydrogen) [Graph], DNV, June 14, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1320670/emissions-of-fossil-based-hydrogen-by-type/
