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In 2024, the mortality rate in Poland amounted to a record of 10.9 deaths per thousand population, marking a decrease compared to the previous year.

Leading mortality causes

Cardiovascular diseases remain the primary cause of death in Poland, accounting for 37 percent of all fatalities in 2024. Malignant tumors follow as the second leading cause, responsible for approximately one in four deaths. On the positive side, Poland has seen a significant decrease in infant mortality rates since 1980. In 2024, over 1,000 infants died, representing a decrease of more than 94 percent compared to the 1980s.

Demographic patterns

Until around 2010, the mortality rate in rural areas was higher than in urban areas. Since 2020, however, cities have recorded more deaths per 1,000 people than rural areas. Moreover, the gender distribution of deaths in 2024 demonstrated a slight difference between the sexes, with 209,400 deaths among men and 199,500 among women.