The source adds: "To answer these research questions, we collected 584,062 tweets related to the European parliamentary elections from 187,743 unique users between 5 April and 20 April using election-related hashtags. From this sample, we extracted 137,658 tweets containing a URL link, which pointed to a total of 5,774 unique media sources. Sources that were shared five times or more across our collection period were manually classified by a team of nine multi-lingual coders based on a rigorous grounded typology developed and refined through the project’s previous studies of eight elections in several countries around the world."
Citation formats
Political news types on Twitter in Europe 2019, by language
Fake news stories on social media sites such as Twitter have become an increasingly important issue in recent years, especially around the time of elections. In the month before the European Parliament elections in May 2019, tweets related to the elections were analyzed to find out the type of source the news story originated from in seven different language spheres.
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Oxford Internet Institute, & University of Oxford. (May 20, 2019). Types of political news and information shared over Twitter in Europe in April 2019, by language [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 22, 2026, from /statistics/1073579/news-source-types-on-twitter-europe/
Oxford Internet Institute, und University of Oxford. "Types of political news and information shared over Twitter in Europe in April 2019, by language." Chart. May 20, 2019. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 22, 2026. /statistics/1073579/news-source-types-on-twitter-europe/
Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford. (2019). Types of political news and information shared over Twitter in Europe in April 2019, by language. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 22, 2026. /statistics/1073579/news-source-types-on-twitter-europe/
Oxford Internet Institute, and University of Oxford. "Types of Political News and Information Shared over Twitter in Europe in April 2019, by Language." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 20 May 2019, /statistics/1073579/news-source-types-on-twitter-europe/
Oxford Internet Institute & University of Oxford, Types of political news and information shared over Twitter in Europe in April 2019, by language ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1073579/news-source-types-on-twitter-europe/ (last visited July 22, 2026)
Types of political news and information shared over Twitter in Europe in April 2019, by language [Graph], Oxford Internet Institute, & University of Oxford, May 20, 2019. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1073579/news-source-types-on-twitter-europe/
