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* The data refer to the number of persons staying abroad temporarily at the end of each year: for 2004-2005 - more than 2 months, for 2010-2020 - more than 3 months.
The estimation method is mainly focused on the analysis of the group of people staying temporarily (these are also persons who emigrated from Poland, even for many years, but did not deregister from permanent residence in Poland) abroad for 12 months and more. This is a modification of previous versions of information, which also included short-term migrations (from 3 to 12 months). This is related to a change in the method of analysing foreign data regarding the number of Poles which are residents (permanent and temporary immigrants for a period of at least a year) of a given country. Numerous data sources were used to estimate the number of Polish residents temporarily staying abroad for 12 months and more in 2017-2022. The data from population and housing censuses of the rounds 2001, 2011 and 2021 coming from foreign statistical offices were used. In addition, the results of the Polish population and housing censuses from 2002 and 2021 were also taken into account, as well as current research on permanent emigration con ducted by the Statistics Poland.

**Estimate