In 2023, the public debt that Panama's central government owed to foreign creditors equaled 49.3 percent of the country's GDP, one of the largest figures of the analyzed period. The volume of external debt in relation to GDP decreased between 2001 and 2012, when the negative trend was reversed.
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Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. (September 26, 2025). External debt as percentage of gross domestic product in Panama from 2000 to 2023 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 23, 2026, from /statistics/1056984/panama-government-external-debt-share-gdp/
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. "External debt as percentage of gross domestic product in Panama from 2000 to 2023." Chart. September 26, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 23, 2026. /statistics/1056984/panama-government-external-debt-share-gdp/
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. (2025). External debt as percentage of gross domestic product in Panama from 2000 to 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 23, 2026. /statistics/1056984/panama-government-external-debt-share-gdp/
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. "External Debt as Percentage of Gross Domestic Product in Panama from 2000 to 2023." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 26 Sep 2025, /statistics/1056984/panama-government-external-debt-share-gdp/
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, External debt as percentage of gross domestic product in Panama from 2000 to 2023 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1056984/panama-government-external-debt-share-gdp/ (last visited July 23, 2026)
External debt as percentage of gross domestic product in Panama from 2000 to 2023 [Graph], Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, September 26, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1056984/panama-government-external-debt-share-gdp/
