
Manya Rathore
Research expert covering India
The European Union has set the goal of achieving a circular economy by 2050, and waste recycling is a big part of its strategy. After years of development through binding policies and directives, European countries currently have some of the best recycling rates worldwide. However, with recycling rates stagnating – and in some cases even reversing – there is growing skepticism on whether the EU is doing enough to reach its target.

Detailed statistics
Recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union 2010-2024, by country

Detailed statistics
Municipal waste recycled per capita in the EU 1995-2024

Detailed statistics
Share of municipal waste treatment in the EU-27 2024, by method

Global municipal waste recycling rate 2022, by select country
Municipal solid waste recycling rates in selected countries worldwide as of 2022

Global waste recycled per capita 2025, by select country
Municipal waste recycled per capita in selected countries worldwide as of 2025 (in kilograms)

Circular material use rate in the European Union 2004-2024
Circular material use rate in the European Union (EU-27) from 2004 to 2024

Per capita municipal waste generated in Europe 2023, by country
Per capita municipal waste generation in Europe in 2023, by select country (in kilograms)

Recyclable raw materials trade volume in the European Union 2005-2025, by flow
Recyclable raw materials imports and exports in the European Union (EU-27) from 2005 to 2025 (in million metric tons)

Recyclable waste exports from the European Union 2025, by destination
Main destinations for recyclable raw materials exports from the European Union (EU-27) in 2025, by country (in 1,000 metric tons)

Plastic waste exports from the European Union 2016-2025, by destination
Plastic waste exports from the European Union from 2016 to 2025, by select destination (in 1,000 metric tons)

Plastic waste exports from the European Union EU-27 2025, by origin
Exports of plastic waste from the European Union in 2025, by country of origin (in 1,000 metric tons)

Municipal waste recycled in the European Union 1995-2024
Municipal waste materials recycled in the European Union (EU-27) from 1995 to 2024 (in million metric tons)

Municipal waste recycled per capita in the EU 1995-2024
Municipal waste recycling per capita in the European Union (EU-27) from 1995 to 2024 (in kilograms)

Recycling rate of municipal waste in the EU 2000-2024
Recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union (EU-27) from 2000 to 2024

Recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union 2010-2024, by country
Recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union (EU-27) in 2010 and 2024, by country

Recovery rate of construction and demolition waste in the EU-27 2022, by country
Recovery rate of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in the European Union (EU-27) in 2022, by country

Packaging waste generated and recycled per capita in the European Union 2010-2023
Packaging waste generated, recovered, and recycled per capita in the European Union (EU-27) from 2010 to 2023 (in kilograms)

Recycling rate of packaging waste in the European Union 2023, by country
Recycling rate of packaging waste in the European Union (EU-27) 2023, by country

Recycling rate of packaging waste in the European Union 2023, by material
Recycling rate of packaging waste in the European Union (EU-27) in 2023, by material

Recycling rate of plastic packaging waste in the European Union 2010-2023
Recycling rate of plastic packaging waste in the European Union (EU-27) from 2010 to 2023

Recycling rate of paper and cardboard packaging waste in the European Union 2005-2023
Recycling rate of paper and cardboard packaging waste in the European Union (EU-27) from 2005 to 2023

Recycling rate of glass packaging in the European Union 2005-2023
Recycling rate of glass packaging in the European Union (EU-27) from 2005 to 2023

PET collection rates in Europe 2026, by country
Collection rate of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles in European countries as of 2026, by state of deposit-return scheme

Recycling rates of PET in Europe 2022, by type
Sorting for recycling rates of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in Europe in 2022, by type

PET recycling capacity in Europe 2022, by country
Distribution of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) recycling capacity in Europe in 2022, by country

Share of recycled PET use in Europe 2022, by end-user
Distribution of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) use in Europe in 2022, by end market

Electric vehicle battery recycling capacity 2023, by country
Battery recycling capacity worldwide as of December 2023, by country or region (in 1,000 metric tons)

Portable batteries sold and share collected for recycling in the EU 2011-2023
Recycling collection rate of portable batteries and accumulators and volume put on the market in the European Union (EU-27) from 2011 to 2023

Lithium-ion battery recycling capacity in Europe 2023-2030
Pre-treatment lithium-ion battery recycling capacity in Europe from 2023 to 2030 (in 1,000 metric tons)

Share of e-waste formally collected in Europe 2022, by sub region
Share of e-waste documented as formally collected and recycled in Europe in 2022, by sub region

E-waste per capita collection in the European Union 2023, by country
Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) collected in the European Union in 2023, by country (in kilograms per inhabitant)

Recycling targets for municipal waste in the EU-27 2025-2035
Municipal waste recycling rate in the European Union (EU-27) in 2022, and targets from 2025 to 2035

Recycling targets for packaging waste in the EU-27 2025-2030, by type
Packaging recycling targets in the European Union (EU-27) in 2025 and 2030, by type

Target scenarios for residual municipal waste reductions in the EU-27 2030
Possible residual municipal waste reduction target scenarios in the European Union (EU-27) from 2020 to 2030
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