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Defense and security in the European Union

Statistics report about defense and security in the EU

This report presents statistics and facts about defense and security in the European Union. The report includes figures about defense spending, military investments, and the development of armies in the EU. Two chapters extensively inquire the nature of security expenditure in selected member states and the EU's military aid to Ukraine. The report concludes with survey data about EU citizens' attitudes towards stronger defense cooperation and the creation of a European army.

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Table of contents

Overview of EU defense spending

10
  • Premium Statistic PowerIndex of military forces in Europe 2026
  • Basic Statistic Military expenditure in the EU 2001-2023, by function
  • Basic Statistic EU defense expenditure 2005-2023, by member state
  • Premium Statistic EU defense spending by member state 2024
  • Premium Statistic EU defense expenditure on GDP 2023, by member state
  • Premium Statistic Defense spending in Europe and Russia 2024
  • Basic Statistic EU defense expenditure per head 2005-2023
  • Basic Statistic EU defense expenditure per head 2023, by member state
  • Basic Statistic Defense investments in the EU 2005-2023
  • Basic Statistic EU military investment 2005-2023, by country

Military personnel in the EU

4
  • Premium Statistic Largest armies in the world by active military personnel 2026
  • Basic Statistic Number of U.S. military personnel in Europe 2026 by country
  • Premium Statistic Number of military personnel in the EU 1985-2020
  • Premium Statistic EU military personnel 1985-2020, by member state

Military spending by member state

5
  • Basic Statistic German defense spending in absolute terms and share of GDP 2005-2023
  • Basic Statistic French defense spending in absolute terms and share of GDP 2005-2023
  • Premium Statistic Italian defense spending in absolute terms and share of GDP 2005-2023
  • Premium Statistic Military expenditure in Poland 2011-2025
  • Basic Statistic Dutch defense spending in absolute terms and share of GDP 2005-2023

EU military aid to Ukraine

4
  • Basic Statistic EU foreign military aid 2023, by country
  • Basic Statistic Bilateral aid allocations to Ukraine 2022-2026, by country
  • Basic Statistic Bilateral aid to Ukraine as a share of donor GDP 2022-2026, by country
  • Basic Statistic Military aid to Ukraine allocated by European countries 2022-2025

Public opinion on common European defense

7
  • Premium Statistic EU public opinion on risk of armed conflict in coming years 2025
  • Basic Statistic Public opinion on EU defense and security policy 2004-2024
  • Basic Statistic Public opinion on increased defense cooperation at EU level 2024, by country
  • Premium Statistic German public opinion on creating a common European army 2025
  • Premium Statistic Italian public opinion on creating a common European army 2025
  • Basic Statistic Spanish public opinion on creating a common European army 2025
  • Premium Statistic British public opinion on creating a common European army including the UK 2025
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