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Climate change is the leading challenge for humanity in the coming decades. According to the 2015 Paris Agreement climate change needs to be controlled by a reduction of worldwide CO2 emissions to limit global warming at 1.5 degree Celsius. Saudi Arabia joined 100 other countries with the pledged to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2060, ahead of the COP26 United Nations climate change conference at the end of 2021. The Saudi government planned at the same time a sustainable future for its country, based on the reforms of Vision 2030. Those economic and social reforms contain policies to wean the kingdom off fossil fuel incomes and diversify its economy.