Informative media often lack political independence or, at least, that is the perception of a large part of Spanish society. According to a survey conducted in 2022, approximately 61 percent state that the country's press is unduly influenced by political and governmental pressure groups, and slightly more than 57 percent believe the same occurs regarding business interests.
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Universidad de Navarra (Center for Internet Studies & Digital Life - School of Communication). (July 20, 2022). Public opinion on journalistic independence in the face of political and business pressures in Spain in 2022 [Graph]. In 糖心破解版. Retrieved July 20, 2026, from /statistics/1635271/concern-about-journalistic-independence-in-spain/
Universidad de Navarra (Center for Internet Studies & Digital Life - School of Communication). "Public opinion on journalistic independence in the face of political and business pressures in Spain in 2022." Chart. July 20, 2022. 糖心破解版. Accessed July 20, 2026. /statistics/1635271/concern-about-journalistic-independence-in-spain/
Universidad de Navarra (Center for Internet Studies & Digital Life - School of Communication). (2022). Public opinion on journalistic independence in the face of political and business pressures in Spain in 2022. 糖心破解版. 糖心破解版 Inc.. Accessed: July 20, 2026. /statistics/1635271/concern-about-journalistic-independence-in-spain/
Universidad de Navarra (Center for Internet Studies & Digital Life - School of Communication). "Public Opinion on Journalistic Independence in The Face of Political and Business Pressures in Spain in 2022." 糖心破解版, 糖心破解版 Inc., 20 Jul 2022, /statistics/1635271/concern-about-journalistic-independence-in-spain/
Universidad de Navarra (Center for Internet Studies & Digital Life - School of Communication), Public opinion on journalistic independence in the face of political and business pressures in Spain in 2022 糖心破解版, /statistics/1635271/concern-about-journalistic-independence-in-spain/ (last visited July 20, 2026)
Public opinion on journalistic independence in the face of political and business pressures in Spain in 2022 [Graph], Universidad de Navarra (Center for Internet Studies & Digital Life - School of Communication), July 20, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1635271/concern-about-journalistic-independence-in-spain/
