The global number of all cause excess deaths due to outdoor fine particulate and ozone air pollution is estimated at **** million per year. Approximately ** percent of these deaths are attributable to ambient air pollution from fossil fuel use. There are numerous causes of death linked to PM2.5 exposure, such as stroke, ischemic heart disease, and lung cancer.Â
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BMJ Open. (November 29, 2023). Annual attributable deaths as a result of long term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone air pollution worldwide (in millions) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 30, 2026, from /statistics/1441368/air-pollution-deaths-globally-fossil-fuels-annual/
BMJ Open. "Annual attributable deaths as a result of long term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone air pollution worldwide (in millions)." Chart. November 29, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 30, 2026. /statistics/1441368/air-pollution-deaths-globally-fossil-fuels-annual/
BMJ Open. (2023). Annual attributable deaths as a result of long term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone air pollution worldwide (in millions). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 30, 2026. /statistics/1441368/air-pollution-deaths-globally-fossil-fuels-annual/
BMJ Open. "Annual Attributable Deaths as a Result of Long Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (Pm2.5) and Ozone Air Pollution Worldwide (in Millions)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 29 Nov 2023, /statistics/1441368/air-pollution-deaths-globally-fossil-fuels-annual/
BMJ Open, Annual attributable deaths as a result of long term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone air pollution worldwide (in millions) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1441368/air-pollution-deaths-globally-fossil-fuels-annual/ (last visited July 30, 2026)
Annual attributable deaths as a result of long term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone air pollution worldwide (in millions) [Graph], BMJ Open, November 29, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1441368/air-pollution-deaths-globally-fossil-fuels-annual/
