As of December 2021, 72 percent of fossil fuel arbitrations between fossil fuel investors and governments were decided in favor of the investor. Many international treaties exist which allow investors to sue countries when new regulations threaten their investments. While these treaties were meant to encourage foreign direct investment, they also allow for significant financial losses stemming from fossil fuel investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS).
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Energy Monitor. (July 13, 2022). Outcome of disclosed fossil fuel arbitrations worldwide as of December 2021 (in million U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 27, 2026, from /statistics/1326904/worldwide-fossil-fuel-arbitration-outcomes/
Energy Monitor. "Outcome of disclosed fossil fuel arbitrations worldwide as of December 2021 (in million U.S. dollars)." Chart. July 13, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 27, 2026. /statistics/1326904/worldwide-fossil-fuel-arbitration-outcomes/
Energy Monitor. (2022). Outcome of disclosed fossil fuel arbitrations worldwide as of December 2021 (in million U.S. dollars). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 27, 2026. /statistics/1326904/worldwide-fossil-fuel-arbitration-outcomes/
Energy Monitor. "Outcome of Disclosed Fossil Fuel Arbitrations Worldwide as of December 2021 (in Million U.S. Dollars)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 13 Jul 2022, /statistics/1326904/worldwide-fossil-fuel-arbitration-outcomes/
Energy Monitor, Outcome of disclosed fossil fuel arbitrations worldwide as of December 2021 (in million U.S. dollars) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1326904/worldwide-fossil-fuel-arbitration-outcomes/ (last visited July 27, 2026)
Outcome of disclosed fossil fuel arbitrations worldwide as of December 2021 (in million U.S. dollars) [Graph], Energy Monitor, July 13, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1326904/worldwide-fossil-fuel-arbitration-outcomes/
