The source adds the following supplementary note: "Results are reported for the ‘EU shipping industry’ in 2018, which is defined as the industry within the 28 EU member states including the United Kingdom, plus Norway."
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Direct employment in the EU shipping industry at sea by level 2018
In 2018, the shipping industry of the European Union (EU-28) was employing around ** people at sea. Ratings accounted for about ** percent of all employees working at sea, while officers made up the remaining ** percent of employees.
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ECSA. (November 20, 2020). Number of employees at sea in the European Union's (EU-28) shipping industry in 2018, by rank [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved August 01, 2026, from /statistics/1313341/direct-employment-eu-shipping-industry-at-sea-by-rank/
ECSA. "Number of employees at sea in the European Union's (EU-28) shipping industry in 2018, by rank." Chart. November 20, 2020. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed August 01, 2026. /statistics/1313341/direct-employment-eu-shipping-industry-at-sea-by-rank/
ECSA. (2020). Number of employees at sea in the European Union's (EU-28) shipping industry in 2018, by rank. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: August 01, 2026. /statistics/1313341/direct-employment-eu-shipping-industry-at-sea-by-rank/
ECSA. "Number of Employees at Sea in The European Union's (Eu-28) Shipping Industry in 2018, by Rank." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 20 Nov 2020, /statistics/1313341/direct-employment-eu-shipping-industry-at-sea-by-rank/
ECSA, Number of employees at sea in the European Union's (EU-28) shipping industry in 2018, by rank ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1313341/direct-employment-eu-shipping-industry-at-sea-by-rank/ (last visited August 01, 2026)
Number of employees at sea in the European Union's (EU-28) shipping industry in 2018, by rank [Graph], ECSA, November 20, 2020. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1313341/direct-employment-eu-shipping-industry-at-sea-by-rank/
