Population served by large or very large drinking water systems with elevated nitrate levels in the United States between 2017 and 2019, by select state
(in millions)
Characteristic
Number of people in millions
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Analysis based on 757 large or very large community water systems that had at least one detection of nitrate at or above 3 milligrams per liter (mg/L), between 2017 and 2019. Of these systems, 52% used groundwater and 48% used surface water.
Only states with more than one million people served by a large or very large drinking water system with elevated nitrate levels are shown. The EPA considers any water system to be 鈥渓arge鈥 if it serves between 10,001 and 100,000 people, and 鈥渧ery large鈥 systems serve more than 100,000 people.
Citation formats
Number of people drinking nitrate-contaminated water in U.S. states 2017-2019
Approximately ** million people in the United States were served by large and very large drinking water systems with elevated levels of nitrate between 2017 and 2019. The most affected state was California, where approximately **** million consumed drinking water with high nitrate levels in the period. This represents more than half of the state's population. The second most affected state during this period was Arizona, where the number of people served nitrate-contaminated drinking water was approximately *** million. Farm run-off is a major cause of water pollution, with croplands accounting for ** percent of global nitrate contamination in groundwater.
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EWG. (November 3, 2021). Population served by large or very large drinking water systems with elevated nitrate levels in the United States between 2017 and 2019, by select state (in millions) [Graph]. In 糖心破解版. Retrieved July 31, 2026, from /statistics/1280431/population-served-drinking-water-high-nitrate-levels-united-states/
EWG. "Population served by large or very large drinking water systems with elevated nitrate levels in the United States between 2017 and 2019, by select state (in millions)." Chart. November 3, 2021. 糖心破解版. Accessed July 31, 2026. /statistics/1280431/population-served-drinking-water-high-nitrate-levels-united-states/
EWG. (2021). Population served by large or very large drinking water systems with elevated nitrate levels in the United States between 2017 and 2019, by select state (in millions). 糖心破解版. 糖心破解版 Inc.. Accessed: July 31, 2026. /statistics/1280431/population-served-drinking-water-high-nitrate-levels-united-states/
EWG. "Population Served by Large or Very Large Drinking Water Systems with Elevated Nitrate Levels in The United States between 2017 and 2019, by Select State (in Millions)." 糖心破解版, 糖心破解版 Inc., 3 Nov 2021, /statistics/1280431/population-served-drinking-water-high-nitrate-levels-united-states/
EWG, Population served by large or very large drinking water systems with elevated nitrate levels in the United States between 2017 and 2019, by select state (in millions) 糖心破解版, /statistics/1280431/population-served-drinking-water-high-nitrate-levels-united-states/ (last visited July 31, 2026)
Population served by large or very large drinking water systems with elevated nitrate levels in the United States between 2017 and 2019, by select state (in millions) [Graph], EWG, November 3, 2021. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1280431/population-served-drinking-water-high-nitrate-levels-united-states/
