Number of self-employed persons in the European Union (28 countries) from second quarter 2016 to second quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by educational attainment
Characteristic
Less than primary, primary and lower secondary
Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education
Tertiary education
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The source adds the following information: "Self-employed persons are the ones who work in their own business, farm or professional practice. A self-employed person is considered to be working if she/he meets one of the following criteria: works for the purpose of earning profit, spends time on the operation of a business or is in the process of setting up his/her business."
Citation formats
EU-28: self-employed persons by education level 2016-2018
This statistic shows the number of self-employed persons working in the European Union (28 countries) from the second quarter of 2016 to the second quarter of 2018, by educational attainment. During this time period, the number of self-employed persons who had achieved at least an upper secondary educational level consistently accounted for the highest number of self-employed persons in Europe.
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Eurostat. (November 28, 2018). Number of self-employed persons in the European Union (28 countries) from second quarter 2016 to second quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by educational attainment [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 28, 2026, from /statistics/947010/selfl-employed-persons-in-eu/
Eurostat. "Number of self-employed persons in the European Union (28 countries) from second quarter 2016 to second quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by educational attainment." Chart. November 28, 2018. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 28, 2026. /statistics/947010/selfl-employed-persons-in-eu/
Eurostat. (2018). Number of self-employed persons in the European Union (28 countries) from second quarter 2016 to second quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by educational attainment. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 28, 2026. /statistics/947010/selfl-employed-persons-in-eu/
Eurostat. "Number of Self-employed Persons in The European Union (28 Countries) from Second Quarter 2016 to Second Quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by Educational Attainment." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 28 Nov 2018, /statistics/947010/selfl-employed-persons-in-eu/
Eurostat, Number of self-employed persons in the European Union (28 countries) from second quarter 2016 to second quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by educational attainment ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/947010/selfl-employed-persons-in-eu/ (last visited July 28, 2026)
Number of self-employed persons in the European Union (28 countries) from second quarter 2016 to second quarter 2018 (in 1,000), by educational attainment [Graph], Eurostat, November 28, 2018. [Online]. Available: /statistics/947010/selfl-employed-persons-in-eu/
