*Household air pollution exposure involves fine particulate matter that comes from burning fuels inside the home with limited ventilation. Exposure estimates are based on the proportion of households that burn solid fuels like coal, wood, dung, or agricultural residues for cooking, a major source of this pollution.
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Exposure to household solid fuel pollution worldwide 2019, by select country
Many people around the world burn solid fuels such as coal and wood to cook food at homes with limited ventilation. This exposes them to air pollutants such as PM2.5 and carbon monoxide. In 2019, ** percent of the population of Niger were exposed to household air pollution (HAP). The majority of countries with high exposure to HAP are developing regions. In comparison, the proportion of the U.S. population with exposure to HAP is just *** percent.
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Health Effects Institute, & IHME. (October 23, 2020). Share of population exposed to household air pollution from solid fuels worldwide in 2019, by select country [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 24, 2026, from /statistics/830866/share-of-population-exposed-solid-fuels-pollution-by-major-countries/
Health Effects Institute, und IHME. "Share of population exposed to household air pollution from solid fuels worldwide in 2019, by select country." Chart. October 23, 2020. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 24, 2026. /statistics/830866/share-of-population-exposed-solid-fuels-pollution-by-major-countries/
Health Effects Institute, IHME. (2020). Share of population exposed to household air pollution from solid fuels worldwide in 2019, by select country. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 24, 2026. /statistics/830866/share-of-population-exposed-solid-fuels-pollution-by-major-countries/
Health Effects Institute, and IHME. "Share of Population Exposed to Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuels Worldwide in 2019, by Select Country." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 23 Oct 2020, /statistics/830866/share-of-population-exposed-solid-fuels-pollution-by-major-countries/
Health Effects Institute & IHME, Share of population exposed to household air pollution from solid fuels worldwide in 2019, by select country ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/830866/share-of-population-exposed-solid-fuels-pollution-by-major-countries/ (last visited July 24, 2026)
Share of population exposed to household air pollution from solid fuels worldwide in 2019, by select country [Graph], Health Effects Institute, & IHME, October 23, 2020. [Online]. Available: /statistics/830866/share-of-population-exposed-solid-fuels-pollution-by-major-countries/
