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In the financial year 2025, the average farm yield of soybeans was estimated at 1.8 metric tons per hectare in Australia. This was forecast to increase to two metric tons per hectare in 2026.

Crop production in Australia

Australia's agricultural sector depends heavily on crop production, which also plays a significant role in the nation's economy and the world's food supply. The diverse climate across the continent allows for cultivating a wide variety of crops. The largest land area used for agricultural purposes is allocated to wheat production. Other major crops include barley, canola, and cotton, and Australia is one of the world's leading exporters of these commodities. China has become the leading export destination for Australia's crop exports, with the value surpassing Japan, Vietnam, and Indonesia combined in financial year 2024.

Farming challenges in Australia

Farmers across the continent employ advanced technologies and sustainable practices to maximize yields and mitigate the challenges posed by Australia's variable climate, which includes periodic droughts and water scarcity. Being the driest populated continent on Earth, Australia highly values adequate water supply and consumption management. This aspect is strongly influenced by the forestry, fishery, and agriculture sectors, which use a significant amount of water. Additionally, emissions from the farming sector in Australia contribute significantly to the country's overall greenhouse gas output. The expected trend for agriculture emissions in Australia indicates a slight increase from the current levels in 2020 to projected figures in 2035.