In 2018, 93.8 percent of people in Italy who obtained a doctorate in 2014 were employed. On the contrary, 6.2 percent of doctoral graduates were not working.
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Istat. (December 30, 2019). Employment status of doctoral graduates in Italy in 2018 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 26, 2026, from /statistics/572261/italian-phd-graduates-seeking-jobs/
Istat. "Employment status of doctoral graduates in Italy in 2018." Chart. December 30, 2019. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 26, 2026. /statistics/572261/italian-phd-graduates-seeking-jobs/
Istat. (2019). Employment status of doctoral graduates in Italy in 2018. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 26, 2026. /statistics/572261/italian-phd-graduates-seeking-jobs/
Istat. "Employment Status of Doctoral Graduates in Italy in 2018." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 30 Dec 2019, /statistics/572261/italian-phd-graduates-seeking-jobs/
Istat, Employment status of doctoral graduates in Italy in 2018 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/572261/italian-phd-graduates-seeking-jobs/ (last visited July 26, 2026)
Employment status of doctoral graduates in Italy in 2018 [Graph], Istat, December 30, 2019. [Online]. Available: /statistics/572261/italian-phd-graduates-seeking-jobs/
