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Between 2010 and 2017, approximately 100 people have died as a result of fires or explosions attributable to Mexico's national oil corporation Pemex, with one of the highest death tolls registered in 2013 in Mexico City. In January 2019, an explosion during a fuel theft attempt in a Pemex pipeline in the state of Hidalgo left *** people dead. Pemex has struggled for years with fuel theft in their pipelines, with the state of Hidalgo registering the largest number of occurences in 2019.

Petróleos Mexicanos (which translates to Mexican Petroleum in English), commonly known as Pemex, is the state-owned petroleum company in Mexico. The company, founded in 1938, had the largest number of offshore rigs worldwide as of January 2018 and some seven billion barrels of proven hydrocarbon reserves as of 2019. For years, Pemex was Mexico’s only oil producer and fuel retailer. Since 2014, however, an energy reform in the country put an end to the company's monopoly. Furthermore, Pemex’s crude oil production has been continuously decreasing throughout the past decade.