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Because of different state reforms, education has not been a federal competence in Belgium since 1989. Ever since, it has been a competence of the three different (language) communities, which are the Flemish community, the French-speaking community, and the German-speaking community. Since there is no federal governmental body that is responsible for education, the figures are published on a (language) community basis.

The source states that for the figures on Flemish education, pupils and students in French-speaking schools that fall under Flemish authority are not included.

The figures for elementary education (nursery and primary education), and the associate degree in nursing represent all the enrollments on February 1, 2018. For higher vocational adult education, specific teacher training, secondary adult education and adult basic education the figures represent the enrollments during the reference period April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018. For university colleges and universities the figures represent all active enrollments with a degree contract on June 30, 2018. For part-time arts education the numbers only include the number of students eligible for funding. When enrolled in more than one course, students are counted more than once.