In 2023, there were 157,479 attempted border crossings of the Central Mediterranean route into the European Union via Italy and Malta, compared with 105,561 in the previous year.
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Frontex. (November 11, 2024). Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 14, 2026, from /statistics/455372/central-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex. "Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023." Chart. November 11, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 14, 2026. /statistics/455372/central-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex. (2024). Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 14, 2026. /statistics/455372/central-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex. "Number of Illegal Border-crossings to The European Union (Eu) over The Central Mediterranean Route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 11 Nov 2024, /statistics/455372/central-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex, Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/455372/central-mediterranean-immigration-eu/ (last visited July 14, 2026)
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Central Mediterranean route (Italy and Malta) from 2009 to 2023 [Graph], Frontex, November 11, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/455372/central-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
