In 2023 there were 16,915 illegal border crossings of the Western Mediterranean route into the European Union, less than a third of the number there were in 2018 when there were over 56,245 recorded.
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Frontex. (November 11, 2024). Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 15, 2026, from /statistics/454916/western-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex. "Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023." Chart. November 11, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 15, 2026. /statistics/454916/western-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex. (2024). Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 15, 2026. /statistics/454916/western-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex. "Number of Illegal Border-crossings to The European Union (Eu) over The Western Mediterranean Route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 11 Nov 2024, /statistics/454916/western-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
Frontex, Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/454916/western-mediterranean-immigration-eu/ (last visited July 15, 2026)
Number of illegal border-crossings to the European Union (EU) over the Western Mediterranean route (Spain and Portugal) from 2009 to 2023 [Graph], Frontex, November 11, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/454916/western-mediterranean-immigration-eu/
