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President Trump's initial proposals to impose universal trade tariffs, which include tariffs on Chinese, Canadian, and Mexican imports, would considerably increase the average tariff rate. It is estimated that, if put into effect, the average tariff rate including dutiable imports would reach almost ** percent, up from *** percent in 2024.

Tariff rates are higher when dutiable imports are included because they refer only to goods that are actually subject to tariffs, rather than all imports. This skews the average tariff rate upward because it excludes duty-free goods. Trump's proposal for a universal ** percent tariff on all imports would impose a flat tax on all imports, rather than just dutiable goods. This would result in a sharp increase in the overall tariff burden because previously duty-free goods would be taxed.