| Characteristic | Expenditure in billion U.S. dollars |
|---|---|
| - | - |
| - | - |
| - | - |
| - | - |
| - | - |
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Source
Sources
Release date
November 2022
More information
Region
Worldwide
Survey time period
2021
Supplementary notes
The sample includes only publicly listed chemical companies with revenues of more than three billion dollars and research and development spending worth more than 0.5 percent of revenues.
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