The gross expenditure on research and development in Czechia was the largest in the business sector, which amounted to **** billion Czech koruna in 2023. The university sector spent approximately **** billion koruna on research and development, while the government expenditure amounted to billion koruna that same year.
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Czech Statistical Office. (January 31, 2025). Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Czechia from 2005 to 2023, by sector (in billion Czech koruna) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 23, 2026, from /statistics/1419974/czechia-randd-expenditure-by-sector/
Czech Statistical Office. "Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Czechia from 2005 to 2023, by sector (in billion Czech koruna)." Chart. January 31, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 23, 2026. /statistics/1419974/czechia-randd-expenditure-by-sector/
Czech Statistical Office. (2025). Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Czechia from 2005 to 2023, by sector (in billion Czech koruna). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 23, 2026. /statistics/1419974/czechia-randd-expenditure-by-sector/
Czech Statistical Office. "Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (Gerd) in Czechia from 2005 to 2023, by Sector (in Billion Czech Koruna)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 31 Jan 2025, /statistics/1419974/czechia-randd-expenditure-by-sector/
Czech Statistical Office, Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Czechia from 2005 to 2023, by sector (in billion Czech koruna) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1419974/czechia-randd-expenditure-by-sector/ (last visited July 23, 2026)
Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Czechia from 2005 to 2023, by sector (in billion Czech koruna) [Graph], Czech Statistical Office, January 31, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1419974/czechia-randd-expenditure-by-sector/
