Between 2023 and 2050, heat pumps are forecast to generate significantly fewer *** emissions in the Upper Midwest of the United States than other heating options. Nevertheless, geothermal heat pumps were slightly more climate-friendly than the air-source type. While geothermal heat pumps were expected to generate on average **** metric tons of *** every year, a propane furnace would generate **** metric tons of *** annually.
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Rocky Mountain Institute. (March 29, 2023). Average annual emissions of space heating options in the Upper Midwest of the United States from 2023 to 2050, by type (in metric tons CO2 per year) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 22, 2026, from /statistics/1390268/emissions-from-space-heating-in-the-us-upper-midwest-by-type/
Rocky Mountain Institute. "Average annual emissions of space heating options in the Upper Midwest of the United States from 2023 to 2050, by type (in metric tons CO2 per year)." Chart. March 29, 2023. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 22, 2026. /statistics/1390268/emissions-from-space-heating-in-the-us-upper-midwest-by-type/
Rocky Mountain Institute. (2023). Average annual emissions of space heating options in the Upper Midwest of the United States from 2023 to 2050, by type (in metric tons CO2 per year). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 22, 2026. /statistics/1390268/emissions-from-space-heating-in-the-us-upper-midwest-by-type/
Rocky Mountain Institute. "Average Annual Emissions of Space Heating Options in The Upper Midwest of The United States from 2023 to 2050, by Type (in Metric Tons Co2 per Year)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 29 Mar 2023, /statistics/1390268/emissions-from-space-heating-in-the-us-upper-midwest-by-type/
Rocky Mountain Institute, Average annual emissions of space heating options in the Upper Midwest of the United States from 2023 to 2050, by type (in metric tons CO2 per year) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1390268/emissions-from-space-heating-in-the-us-upper-midwest-by-type/ (last visited July 22, 2026)
Average annual emissions of space heating options in the Upper Midwest of the United States from 2023 to 2050, by type (in metric tons CO2 per year) [Graph], Rocky Mountain Institute, March 29, 2023. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1390268/emissions-from-space-heating-in-the-us-upper-midwest-by-type/
