In 2021, Australia's gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP stood at **** percent, representing a small increase from the previous year. This figure was forecast to increase further to **** percent in 2022.
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R&D WORLD. (May 16, 2022). Gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP in Australia in 2020 and 2021, with a forecast for 2022 [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 31, 2026, from /statistics/1358395/australia-gross-expenditure-on-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp/
R&D WORLD. "Gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP in Australia in 2020 and 2021, with a forecast for 2022." Chart. May 16, 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 31, 2026. /statistics/1358395/australia-gross-expenditure-on-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp/
R&D WORLD. (2022). Gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP in Australia in 2020 and 2021, with a forecast for 2022. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 31, 2026. /statistics/1358395/australia-gross-expenditure-on-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp/
R&D WORLD. "Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (R&d) as a Share of Gdp in Australia in 2020 and 2021, with a Forecast for 2022." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 16 May 2022, /statistics/1358395/australia-gross-expenditure-on-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp/
R&D WORLD, Gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP in Australia in 2020 and 2021, with a forecast for 2022 ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1358395/australia-gross-expenditure-on-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp/ (last visited July 31, 2026)
Gross expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a share of GDP in Australia in 2020 and 2021, with a forecast for 2022 [Graph], R&D WORLD, May 16, 2022. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1358395/australia-gross-expenditure-on-randd-as-a-share-of-gdp/
