EU: energy inflation rate by commodity 2026| ��ƽ��

Harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP) energy inflation rate in the European Union from January 2019 to May 2026, by commodity

Characteristic	Electricity	Gas	Liquid fuels	Energy
May '26	1.2%	2.8%	42.5%	10.7%
Apr '26	1%	0.1%	46.7%	10.3%
Mar '26	-0.2%	-5.1%	27.3%	5.4%
Feb '26	-0.2%	-5.4%	-6.9%	-2.2%
Jan '26	-1.7%	-4.5%	-9.2%	-2.9%
Dec '25	0.8%	-3.3%	-5.3%	-1.1%
Nov '25	0.9%	-2.5%	-1%	0.3%
Oct '25	1.8%	-1.6%	-4.9%	0%
Sep '25	1.9%	-0.7%	-4%	0.4%
Aug '25	2%	-0.3%	-7.3%	-1.2%
Jul '25	2%	0.6%	-7.5%	-1.7%
Jun '25	1.2%	2.8%	-9.4%	-1.8%
May '25	2.2%	4.2%	-11.9%	-2.7%
Apr '25	1.7%	5.2%	-12.2%	-2.8%
Mar '25	2.5%	6.6%	-8.2%	-0.4%
Feb '25	3.3%	4.4%	-6%	1%
Jan '25	5.4%	2.3%	-2.5%	2.3%
Dec '24	3.6%	4.2%	-7.4%	0.7%
Nov '24	3.6%	4.6%	-12.1%	-1.2%
Oct '24	2%	3.8%	-15.1%	-3.3%
Sep '24	1.3%	3%	-15.2%	-4.7%
Aug '24	1.3%	2.3%	-9%	-2.1%
Jul '24	2%	1.6%	3.8%	1.8%
Jun '24	-0.4%	-2.9%	2.8%	0.2%
May '24	-2.3%	-4.9%	3.6%	0.5%
Apr '24	-3.2%	-4%	-0.2%	-0.6%
Mar '24	-3.8%	-3.3%	-3.2%	-1.6%
Feb '24	-6.4%	-5.5%	-2.6%	-3.3%
Jan '24	-6.4%	-8.8%	-9.8%	-5.4%
Dec '23	-10%	-12.7%	-8.5%	-5%
Nov '23	-10.2%	-20.9%	-13.1%	-8.9%
Oct '23	-10.3%	-22.6%	-15.8%	-8.9%
Sep '23	-5.6%	-15.8%	-12.2%	-3.6%
Aug '23	-3%	-9.7%	-12.7%	-2%
Jul '23	1.2%	-1.7%	-23.8%	-4.4%
Jun '23	2.9%	6.1%	-23.9%	-4.1%
May '23	6%	7.7%	-17.1%	-0.3%
Apr '23	7.9%	8.5%	-8.9%	4.4%
Mar '23	7.5%	11.9%	-13.4%	2.6%
Feb '23	17.2%	23.5%	21%	16.6%
Jan '23	19.4%	30.2%	35.3%	20.6%
Dec'22	29.6%	48.6%	42.7%	25.5%
Nov'22	35.1%	64.4%	51.4%	33.3%
Oct'22	38.4%	73.6%	66.6%	38.7%
Sep '22	36.7%	70.9%	79.1%	39.4%
Aug '22	35.7%	62.5%	78.9%	37.5%
Jul '22	31.1%	52.2%	82.9%	38.3%
Jun '22	29.7%	51.4%	88.1%	41.1%
May '22	28.8%	52.4%	77.3%	37.7%
Apr '22	29.1%	51.4%	77.4%	35.6%
Mar '22	34.6%	48.5%	88.2%	40.2%
Feb '22	28.5%	40.3%	42.6%	28.7%
Jan '22	23.7%	40.7%	38.7%	27%
Dec '21	20.6%	27.2%	40.3%	24.6%
Nov '21	15.9%	26%	56.7%	25.9%
Oct '21	14.3%	22.4%	52.7%	22.6%
Sep '21	10.9%	15.8%	35.6%	16.8%
Aug '21	9.3%	14.1%	26.8%	14.9%
Jul '21	8.5%	12.6%	25.8%	14%
Jun '21	8.1%	5.2%	22.3%	12.2%
May '21	8%	4.1%	22.6%	12.9%
Apr '21	7.4%	3.5%	12.5%	10.5%
Mar '21	4%	0.4%	5%	4.5%
Feb '21	2.1%	-0.9%	-8.1%	-1.1%
Jan '21	4%	-1.8%	-17.4%	-3.5%
Dec '20	0.8%	-3.5%	-22.1%	-6.1%
Nov '20	-0.1%	-3.6%	-27.1%	-7.5%
Oct '20	-0.5%	-3.5%	-28.2%	-7.4%
Sep '20	-0.2%	-5.5%	-27.8%	-7.5%
Aug '20	-0.9%	-5.6%	-23.6%	-7.3%
Jul '20	-1.9%	-5.6%	-22.7%	-7.9%
Jun '20	-1.2%	-5.3%	-22.5%	-8.8%
May '20	-1.5%	-5.2%	-27.8%	-11.4%
Apr '20	-1.8%	-5.1%	-22%	-9.3%
Mar '20	0.7%	-3.6%	-14.3%	-3.5%
Feb '20	1.2%	-3.1%	-5.2%	0.4%
Jan '20	0.6%	-2.7%	3.4%	2.4%
Dec '19	0.5%	-3.3%	-1.1%	0.5%
Nov '19	1%	-3.7%	-10.7%	-2.5%
Oct '19	1.1%	-3.4%	-8.2%	-2.7%
Sep '19	1.4%	-0.5%	-3.7%	-1.3%
Aug '19	2.1%	-0.1%	-0.6%	-0.1%
Jul '19	2.6%	0.3%	1.2%	0.8%
Jun '19	3.3%	5%	0.3%	1.8%
May '19	3.4%	5.6%	6.2%	4%
Apr '19	4.4%	5.7%	9.8%	5.3%
Mar '19	3%	5.9%	12.2%	4.7%
Feb '19	2.8%	5.4%	10.8%	3.2%
Jan '19	3.7%	5.3%	5.2%	2.4%

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Release date

June 2026

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Survey time period

January 2019 to June 2026

Supplementary notes

According to the source, the Harmonized Indices of Consumer Prices (HICP) measure changes in the prices of consumer goods and services over time. These indices provide comparable measures of inflation.

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Energy inflation rates in the European Union have experienced pronounced volatility in recent years, with sharp increases followed by periods of decline. Geopolitical developments, particularly Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and ongoing tensions in the Middle East, have driven fluctuations across energy commodities. After a phase of negative price growth in 2025, inflation rebounded in 2026: liquid fuels surged to 46.7 percent in April and 42.5 percent in May, pushing overall energy inflation to 10.3 percent and 10.7 percent, respectively.

Broader energy price trends

The volatility in energy inflation rates is reflected in broader price indices. The harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP) for energy in the EU reached nearly 170 index points in October 2022, before declining slightly in 2024 and 2025. This surge was largely driven by increased fuel demand after the COVID-19 pandemic and sanctions on Russian fossil fuel imports. By comparison, the global energy price index stood at approximately 101.5 in 2024, with forecasts suggesting a decrease to below 80 by 2026. This was considerably lower than the HICP in the EU in 2025, which was around 150.

Energy consumption patterns

Despite price volatility, global primary energy consumption was continuously rising and is expected to increase until 2045. While renewable energy production is projected to grow in the upcoming years, oil and gas will remain the dominant energy sources worldwide in the next few decades. The two fossil fuels had a central role in the EU’s energy sector as well, having accounted for over 50 percent of the region’s primary energy consumption in 2024.