According to the source, political stability is defined as "a measure of the perception of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized or overthrown by unconstitutional or violent means, including political violence and terrorism." Data from various dimensions of governance were analyzed to come up with a political stability score for each country. Scores fell between -2.5 and +2.5, with higher scores corresponding to higher levels of stability.
The source uses the following classes of political stability in their estimates: Less than -1.25: extremely unstable; -1.25 to 0: unstable; 0 to +1.25: fair; greater than +1.25: stable.
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Production volume of steam coal globally 2023, by political stability of producers
In 2023, countries classified as politically unstable accounted for the largest share of global steam coal production. That year, over *** billion metric tons of steam coal were produced by politically unstable countries. In comparison, approximately **** million metric tons of steam coal were produced by politically stable countries.Â
Steam coal is also referred to as bituminous coal and soft coal. It is the most abundant form of coal in the world.
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BMLRT (Österreich). (April 10, 2025). Production volume of steam coal worldwide in 2023, by political stability of producer countries (in million metric tons) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved August 02, 2026, from /statistics/1313490/worldwide-steam-coal-production-by-producers-political-stability/
BMLRT (Österreich). "Production volume of steam coal worldwide in 2023, by political stability of producer countries (in million metric tons)." Chart. April 10, 2025. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed August 02, 2026. /statistics/1313490/worldwide-steam-coal-production-by-producers-political-stability/
BMLRT (Österreich). (2025). Production volume of steam coal worldwide in 2023, by political stability of producer countries (in million metric tons). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: August 02, 2026. /statistics/1313490/worldwide-steam-coal-production-by-producers-political-stability/
BMLRT (Österreich). "Production Volume of Steam Coal Worldwide in 2023, by Political Stability of Producer Countries (in Million Metric Tons)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 10 Apr 2025, /statistics/1313490/worldwide-steam-coal-production-by-producers-political-stability/
BMLRT (Österreich), Production volume of steam coal worldwide in 2023, by political stability of producer countries (in million metric tons) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1313490/worldwide-steam-coal-production-by-producers-political-stability/ (last visited August 02, 2026)
Production volume of steam coal worldwide in 2023, by political stability of producer countries (in million metric tons) [Graph], BMLRT (Österreich), April 10, 2025. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1313490/worldwide-steam-coal-production-by-producers-political-stability/
