Referring to a 67 MW container ship with a capacity of 13,000–15,000 TEU and sailing distance of 84,200 sm/year.
Figures include operation and maintenance costs, costs of fuel, as well as CAPEX.
* Dual fuel engine powered by 50 percent HFO and 50 percent ammonia.
** Second-generation biodiesel based on used cooking oil.
Citation formats
Annual costs of using different types of alternative fuels in container shipping 2030
It is estimated that by 2030, using alternative fuels in container shipping will almost be as economical as using heavy fuel oil (HFO). In 2030, operating an HFO-fueled container ship and a corresponding bunkering location in the Middle East is expected to cost about ** million U.S. dollars a year. Switching to LNG - a low-carbon alternative fuel - will cost the same amount of money, while replacing HFO with ammonia - a zero-carbon alternative fuel - will come at a price of about ** million U.S. dollars a year.
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McKinsey & Company. (February 28, 2021). Annual price for operating a container ship and a bunkering location in the Middle East in 2030, by fuel type (in million U.S. dollars per year) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Retrieved July 26, 2026, from /statistics/1267782/costs-of-using-different-types-of-alternative-fuels-for-container-ship/
McKinsey & Company. "Annual price for operating a container ship and a bunkering location in the Middle East in 2030, by fuel type (in million U.S. dollars per year)." Chart. February 28, 2021. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. Accessed July 26, 2026. /statistics/1267782/costs-of-using-different-types-of-alternative-fuels-for-container-ship/
McKinsey & Company. (2021). Annual price for operating a container ship and a bunkering location in the Middle East in 2030, by fuel type (in million U.S. dollars per year). ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 26, 2026. /statistics/1267782/costs-of-using-different-types-of-alternative-fuels-for-container-ship/
McKinsey & Company. "Annual Price for Operating a Container Ship and a Bunkering Location in The Middle East in 2030, by Fuel Type (in Million U.S. Dollars per Year)." ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ Inc., 28 Feb 2021, /statistics/1267782/costs-of-using-different-types-of-alternative-fuels-for-container-ship/
McKinsey & Company, Annual price for operating a container ship and a bunkering location in the Middle East in 2030, by fuel type (in million U.S. dollars per year) ÌÇÐÄÆƽâ°æ, /statistics/1267782/costs-of-using-different-types-of-alternative-fuels-for-container-ship/ (last visited July 26, 2026)
Annual price for operating a container ship and a bunkering location in the Middle East in 2030, by fuel type (in million U.S. dollars per year) [Graph], McKinsey & Company, February 28, 2021. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1267782/costs-of-using-different-types-of-alternative-fuels-for-container-ship/
