France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia, United Kingdom
Survey time period
1750 to 2023
Supplementary notes
Cumulative production-based emissions of carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) since the first year of data availability. Figures include emissions from fossil fuels and cement production; land use change and emissions embedded in traded goods are not included.
Citation formats
Historical COâ‚‚ emissions in Europe 1750-2023, by select country
Germany has emitted almost ** billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (GtCOâ‚‚) into the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution began. This makes Germany the biggest carbon polluter in European history.Ìý
Rise in European emissions
The industrial revolution began in Great Britain in the 1750s, and for a number of decades the country was responsible for 100 percent of production-based emissions. Eventually other countries began to industrialize, and in the second half of the century, Germany unified and experienced rapid industrial growth. This caused emissions there to soar. However, it wasn't until the 1980s that Germany's cumulative emissions surpassed the UK's.
Europe's contribution to climate change
Since ****, Europe has produced almost *** GtCOâ‚‚. This accounts for roughly ** percent of global cumulative COâ‚‚ emissions. It is estimated that the countries that currently make up the European Union (EU-27) have contributed approximately ** percent of global warming since ****.Ìý
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OWID. (November 21, 2024). Cumulative carbon dioxide emissions in selected countries in Europe from 1750 to 2023 (in million metric tons) [Graph]. In ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ. Retrieved July 25, 2026, from /statistics/1224521/cumulative-co2-emissions-europe-historical/
OWID. "Cumulative carbon dioxide emissions in selected countries in Europe from 1750 to 2023 (in million metric tons)." Chart. November 21, 2024. ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ. Accessed July 25, 2026. /statistics/1224521/cumulative-co2-emissions-europe-historical/
OWID. (2024). Cumulative carbon dioxide emissions in selected countries in Europe from 1750 to 2023 (in million metric tons). ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ. ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ Inc.. Accessed: July 25, 2026. /statistics/1224521/cumulative-co2-emissions-europe-historical/
OWID. "Cumulative Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Selected Countries in Europe from 1750 to 2023 (in Million Metric Tons)." ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ, ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ Inc., 21 Nov 2024, /statistics/1224521/cumulative-co2-emissions-europe-historical/
OWID, Cumulative carbon dioxide emissions in selected countries in Europe from 1750 to 2023 (in million metric tons) ÌÇÐÄÆÆ½â°æ, /statistics/1224521/cumulative-co2-emissions-europe-historical/ (last visited July 25, 2026)
Cumulative carbon dioxide emissions in selected countries in Europe from 1750 to 2023 (in million metric tons) [Graph], OWID, November 21, 2024. [Online]. Available: /statistics/1224521/cumulative-co2-emissions-europe-historical/